Australia has had a ban on uncooked American beef for more than 20 years.
The ban was introduced because the Australian government concluded America had not taken satisfactory steps to address the risk of mad cow disease.
Mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy, is a neurodegenerative disease that is fatal to both humans and cattle.
Humans can contract the disease by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord or digestive tract of infected cows.
The disease is incurable and always fatal.
The most common way the disease is contracted is from eating infected tissue.
In the United States, parts of a cow that are not eaten by humans are often ground into a powder and often used as cattle feed.
This means American cows are sometimes eating the parts of other cattle that could carry mad cow disease.
That then puts those cows at risk of developing the disease, which could then be passed on to humans that eat them.
Tariffs to make hamburgers far more expensive
The Australian meat lobby has expressed their disappointment at Trump's tariff decision.
The Red Meat Advisory Council chair John McKillop said the USA accounted for a third of Australia's red meat exports.
"Australian beef is in an estimated 6 billion hamburgers consumed each year in the US and this tariff will cost the US consumer an additional US$180 billion (A$287 billion) per year," he said.
"Without Australian lean beef blended with local fatty trim, the US would need to use higher value cuts in their burgers and miss out on valuable export opportunities. This in turn optimises value for US ranchers."
The most common way the disease is contracted is from eating infected tissue.
In the United States, parts of a cow that are not eaten by humans are often ground into a powder and often used as cattle feed.
This means American cows are sometimes eating the parts of other cattle that could carry mad cow disease.
That then puts those cows at risk of developing the disease, which could then be passed on to humans that eat them.
Tariffs to make hamburgers far more expensive
The Australian meat lobby has expressed their disappointment at Trump's tariff decision.
The Red Meat Advisory Council chair John McKillop said the USA accounted for a third of Australia's red meat exports.
"Australian beef is in an estimated 6 billion hamburgers consumed each year in the US and this tariff will cost the US consumer an additional US$180 billion (A$287 billion) per year," he said.
"Without Australian lean beef blended with local fatty trim, the US would need to use higher value cuts in their burgers and miss out on valuable export opportunities. This in turn optimises value for US ranchers."
He said the tariffs on Australian red meat would cost American consumers US$600 million (A$958 million).
McKillop noted Australia also exports large quantities of red meat to China, Japan, Korea, the Middle East and North Africa.