There is a possibility that had the west taken different actions and treated Russia differently that the present situation would not have occurred. Absolutely that is possible.
There is also the possibility that we might now be discussing the Russian invasion of the Baltic states or Poland with Ukraine already under Russian control. And in such a scenario I suspect we would have some on here saying well we need to give Russia more concessions.
Its impossible to say either way.
Did the west make mistakes that would cause the Russian's to mistrust them, absolutely they did.
Did the Russian's take actions that caused the West to mistrust them, absolutely they did.
A cease fire at this point might have the benefit of locking in the accomplishments of the Ukraine and the West and allowing the Ukrainians to return to their normal lives. Further hostilities could result in a far worse outcome.
Neither side has any interest in a ceasefire at the moment. Most western analysts think the Ukrainians have an edge at the moment and a ceasefire would benefit Russia more giving them time to regroup and re-organize for a future offensive. As for returning to a normal life, how normal a life could you return when their remains a very high possibility the Russian's could attack again, what about those who's homes have been destroyed, what if your home is now in Russian occupied territory or if your the one of thousands the Russian's have force able deported to Russia and can't return.
Yes further hostilities could result in a far worse outcome, or a far better outcome. Its a risk but from what I'm hearing and reading the vast majority of the Ukrainian people are prepared to take that risk.
The vision that came with the demise of the Soviet Union is still the right one…bringing Russia into the club. That could in turn have very positive benefits in the Chinese relationship. The West blew that in large part because of the institutional antipathy towards the Russians in the foreign service and the CIA.
Russia doesn't exactly help its reputation when it locks up all domestic political opposition, props up a brutal regime in Syria, conducts assassinations in western countries with bio weapons and makes statements like Poland had it coming in World War II or Ukraine isn't a real state etc etc. Yes the west has made mistakes but Russian's actions haven't exactly made them be seen as a trustworthy partner.
The object of the exercise should still be to get a government in Russia that allows its people to take their natural place in the West. And finding the right exit in the Ukraine is absolutely crucial to that objective. Plum’s point is totally valid.
I don't see how Plum's suggestion of giving Putin what he wants gets us a government in Russia that allows its people to take their natural place in the West and that's assuming the Russia people as a whole want to be part of the west which is something of a open question. Actually the question of whether the Russian's considered themselves European is a long outstanding philosophical question Russia going back centuries.